The following are the three assigned readings for Series C in the Church year for the 14th Sunday after Pentecost: Proverbs 25:2-10; Hebrews 13:1-17 and Luke 14:1-14. Chosen for this week’s sermon text is Luke 14:3, “And Jesus answering, spoke to the lawyers and Pharisees, saying, ‘Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?’”

Why would Jesus ask such a question? In the new religion of Judaism–which is not the Old Testament Israeli religion–there were over 600 rules about how to keep the Sabbath properly. For example, it would be work to carry a pitcher of water on the Sabbath unless you could carry it with your teeth because then it would not be that heavy and not considered as work. A man with the disease of dropsy was present and the Pharisees were watching Jesus closely. For this was a Sabbath and a physician was not to work on it unless it was a matter of life or death.

Jesus, of course, heals the man and then asks whether those present would rescue a donkey or an ox that had fallen  into a pit on the Sabbath. The point is made for the people of that day but we find many Christians today confused about the Sabbath commandment. Some wonder whether it still is in place because many Christians no longer worship on a Saturday and was that not the essence of Sabbath worship? The answer is no. For the word Sabbath does not mean “Saturday” or “seventh” but refers to “rest.” But are we not to “rest” on the Sabbath which is Saturday?

This is where Law and Gospel distinctions are most helpful. For not only do we distinguish between L&G but also distinguish the different kinds of Law. There were three kinds of Law that God wills us to follow. They are civil, ceremonial and moral. It is interesting to note that each of the commandments have a civil, ceremonial and moral aspect. For example, the fifth commandment to not kill had a civil aspect in that there were cities of refuge to which one who had accidentally killed someone could flee. Also there was a ceremonial need to sacrifice an offering. And, of course, there was a moral aspect of not taking someone’s life without permission from God to do so such as in self-defense, war or capital punishment.

So also with the third commandment. The moral part was that children of God need to set aside a time of rest or worship each week. The civil part took place, for example, when God provided manna to His people but they were not to pick up any of it on Saturday. The ceremonial part was that the main day for worship after Mt. Sinai was on Saturday.

We Christians living in the New Testament era are no longer bound to two of the Old Testament kinds of law; namely, the civil and the ceremonial. While we are bound to the civil laws of the land in which we live, the ceremonial laws have been completely abrogated because their purpose was to remind the Old Testament people of the need for the coming of the Messiah so that people would not have to be sacrificing for their sins daily.

The moral part of the Sabbath commandment remains in place that we children of God are to set aside a time for rest as God leads us in worship giving to us the gifts of the forgiveness of sins, the robe of righteousness and the many other gracious promises resulting from the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. For us, the Sabbath is no longer a burden but a privilege not only to worship the holy Trinity but also to receive from God the salvation won for us by our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.

On the 13th Sunday after Pentecost in Series C readings, we have Isaiah 66:18-23; Hebrews 12:4-29 and Luke 13:22-30. The text to preach about is Hebrews 12:6, “For whom the Lord loves He chastens, and scorges every son whom He receives.”

Ask Christians if they can remember an occasion when Jesus did not show love. If they have one it is the incident of Jesus whipping the people in the temple so that they would not make it a den of robbers. The only problem with that–or any other incident for that matter–is that because God is a God of love, every action He does is loving. We may have a terrible task in trying to figure out how such actions are loving but all that God does or permits is from a attitude of love.

Perhaps the analogy the writer to the Hebrews uses about a father chastising a child makes more sense–at least if you are the father. But even the temple whipping makes loving sense when the only other option for Jesus was to leave those in the temple attempting to buy their way into heaven, or, steal their way into heaven by means of sacrifical purchases. Any p;arent that would permit the child to immerse onesself into the world of sin without consequence would be a most unloving father indeed.

Of course, none of our sufferings of chastising can even come close to the death on a cross of the Innocent One. For He took upon Himself the punishment that should have been yours and mine. We were the ones who benefited from His death and suffering which we so deserved because of our sin. We, who justly deserved temporal and eternal punishment, now have received grace upon grace because God so loved you that He gave His only begotten Son.

For the 12th Sunday after Pentecost in Series C, the three readings are Jeremiah 23:16-29; Hebrews 11:17-40; 12:1-3 and Luke 12:49-56. Chosen to preach about is Hebrews 11:19, “accounting that God was able to raise him up, even from the dead, from which he also received him in a figurative sense.”

“Have faith” appears to be a favorite phrase of many. But just what is meant by it? The Law and Gospel distinctions of “Living under the Law” and “Living under the Gospel” provide clarity. “Living under the Law” would mean that the faith I am to have is faith in myself to do what may even appear to be the impossible as long as I have the help of God. “Living under the Gospel” has quite a different object of faith than my own faith. Let’s examine the background of Abraham’s faith to understand the difference.

Abraham had been told by God that he would have a son that would result in all the nations of the earth being blessed. Issac is born. Then God tells Abraham to put Issac to death by means of a sacrifice on an altar. This is no simple knifing that would occur but also a burning up of the body. How could Abraham proceed to put to death the one from whom all the nations of the earth would be blessed? He did so through faith. But what exactly does that mean? How at the same time could Abraham believe that Issac was the promised seed while at the same time believe that God wanted him to die?

The answer is found in verse 19. Abraham’s faith was such that it trusted the promise of God that even were Issac to be put to death and his body burnt up, yet God would then proceed to raise Issac from the dead! In a sense was that not the way that Issac had been conceived from the apparently dead womb of a woman who was 90 years old, and therefore quite past child bearing age. But Abraham did not take into account his surroundings or experience. Rather, he trusted in a promise even though he had no evidence to back up God’s Word.

That is the faith of the Christian. For the object of faith are the benefits that come to those who believe whose sins are forgiven, who wear the robe of righteousness, who will live forever and ever and so on. The promises of God are sure because the holy Trinity never lies. Though there is little if any evidence for what God promises, our faith which is a gift of the Holy Spirit is the evidence of things not seen. Therefore we do not have faith in us but have faith in Him Who died so that we will never really die and Who lives so that we live eternally.

For Series C of the three year lectionary, the readings for this 11th Sunday after Pentecost are Genesis 15:1-6; Hebrews 11:1-16 and Luke 12:22-40. The passage to preach about is Genesis 15:6, “And he believed in the Lord, and He accounted it to him for righteousness.”

Part of the problem for the natural man is to understand the Bible because of the lack of analogies that fit. For example, whoever heard of three persons but one essence or body and blood being in, with and under the forms of bread and wine? In fact, the very essence of the Christian faith has no analogy or comparable experience in the world to use as a comparison. And what is that essence? That by trusting a promise, one’s status is changed eternally.

I don’t receive a birthday card with money from my mother when expected. So I phone her and she informs me that she sent the gift but sent it to another address of a home I own. Now I believe her but I still don’t have the money. So I go to the house and find the letter in the mailbox with a check inside but I still don’t have the money. So I go to the bank and only after cashing the check do I have the money. That means that even though I trusted the word of my mother, it didn’t make any difference until I went and got the check, etc.

How different is the Christian faith from any other religion. No other religion provides sure salvation because of believing a promise. And exactly what is the promise? It is the promise that  not at my conversion, not at my baptism, not at my inviting Christ into my heart but rather at the cross of Christ my sins were entirely forgiven and God pronounced an absolution upon sinful me–even though I was not even born!

For you see, the trust or faith that saves is a confidence that what God has said about my sins actually took place before I came to faith! It occurred on a wind-swept hill called Calvary outside of Jerusalem by the garbage dump. The fact that Jesus was forsaken by His Father–another mystery beyond full comprehension–means that I will never be forsaken. The objective reality of my sin being forgiven and therefore not being held accountable for the punishment of that sin, took place at the cross and was made certain by the resurrection.

We therefore do not say to unbelievers, “If you believe in the Lord Jesus Christ your sins WILL BE forgiven.” No, instead, we proclaim that “Your sins HAVE BEEN forgiven. Believe in the Lord Jesus Christ.” The difference is the difference between living under the Law assuming that what I do, think, say or believe is the foundation for my salvation and living under the Gospel concluding that what Jesus did for me is the reason for my salvation. We are saved the same way as was Abraham who believed the unbelievable by the power of the Holy Spirit at which occasion God declared him righteous in His sight!